Which landmark Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review that affects interpreting the Bill of Rights?

The principle of judicial review, which allows the Supreme Court to interpret the Constitution and invalidate laws that conflict with it, was established in the case of Marbury v. Madison. This landmark decision, delivered by Chief Justice John Marshall in 1803, asserted the authority of the judiciary to review and invalidate government decisions that are contrary to the Constitution. This principle is crucial for the interpretation of the Bill of Rights, as it empowers the courts to protect individual liberties against potential governmental overreach.

By establishing judicial review, Marbury v. Madison laid the foundation for the judiciary's role in ensuring that the rights and freedoms enumerated in the Bill of Rights are upheld and respected. The impact of this case extends to future decisions where the courts examine whether legislative or executive actions may infringe on the rights guaranteed to individuals. Without this principle, the protection of civil rights and liberties could be at risk, as there would be no judicial mechanism to challenge unconstitutional laws.